To describe and evaluate 5 children with posttraumatic subperiosteal orbital hematoma with a relevant literature review.

A retrospective analysis of 5 cases of posttraumatic subperiosteal orbital hematoma in pediatric age group with a systematic English language literature review.

Five pediatric patients with orbital subperiosteal hematoma with different clinical manifestations and radiologic signs presented who underwent different treatments. Literature review added to our cases showed 28 cases in total which 82% of them were boys with a mean age of 10 in the age range of 4 to 17 years. 27 patients (96%) had a history of blunt trauma including falling or direct impaction. 89% of patients were unilaterally involved versus 11% bilaterally. Mean interval time between trauma and presentations was 10 days. visual acuity was decreased in 63% of patients which 30% had an compressive traumatic optic neuropathy. 17% had a nondisplaced orbital roof fracture .Nearly all of the patients had subperiosteal hematoma in the superior orbital wall. Treatment options were surgical evacuation in 13 patients (46%), needle aspiration in 6 cases (21%) and observation in 8 children (28%) for spontaneous resolution.

pediatric posttraumatic orbital subperiosteal hematoma typically occurs in the superior orbital wall after blunt trauma. Traumatic optic neuropathy is uncommon. Surgical drainage is a safe option for these patients .